Advanced Control of the Electron Beam Welding

Abstract

The material processing with the electron beams solves great topical problems,
wherever conventional techniques proved to be inefficient. Material processing involves many
complex phenomenons like the electrons generation, beam forming and transport, heat absorption
in the workpiece. The information about the heated surface with electron beam is obtained only
using the electrons reflected from the material surface. So, modern control strategies using
artificial intelligence, adaptive and expert systems implemented on digital systems are required to
produce high quality material processing. In this paper we present advanced methods used to
control the energy density of the electron beam transmitted to the workpiece. The multivariable
control system has three directing components: the focusing system dedicated to focus distance
control and two deflecting systems for the joint tracking. The desired references for these
components are determined from the digital images constructed using the electrons reflected from
the material surface.